Bhagavad Gita 2.55

Sankhya Yoga · English Translation

Bhagavad Gita 2.55 — "The Blessed Lord said When a man completely casts off, O Arjuna, all the desires of the mind and is "
Bhagavad Gita 2.55 — Sankhya Yoga
Sanskrit

श्रीभगवानुवाच | प्रजहाति यदा कामान्सर्वान्पार्थ मनोगतान् | आत्मन्येवात्मना तुष्टः स्थितप्रज्ञस्तदोच्यते ||२-५५||

Transliteration

śrībhagavānuvāca . prajahāti yadā kāmānsarvānpārtha manogatān . ātmanyevātmanā tuṣṭaḥ sthitaprajñastadocyate ||2-55||

What Does This Verse Mean?

In this verse, Lord Krishna tells Arjuna that true wisdom is established when a person completely gives up all desires rooted in the mind and finds full satisfaction within their own Self. He explains that once someone no longer seeks happiness from external objects or outcomes but remains content with who they truly are, they have attained 'steady wisdom.' This state of being free from craving marks the transition to a stable, enlightened consciousness.

The Teaching Behind It

This verse serves as a synthesis of Jnana Yoga (the path of knowledge) and Sankhya philosophy by defining the practical outcome of Self-realization. It develops the concept that true liberation involves internalizing satisfaction, moving beyond the dualities of desire and aversion to rest in the Atman.

Word by Word
प्रजहाति casts off, यदा when, कामान् desires, सर्वान् all, पार्थ O Partha, मनोगतान् of the mind, आत्मनि in the Self, एव only, आत्मना by the Self, तुष्टः satisfied, स्थितप्रज्ञः of steady wisdom, तदा then, उच्यते (he) is called
Classical Commentary
In this verse Lord Krishna gives His answer to the first part of Arjunas estion. If anyone gets sugarcandy will he crave for blacksugar Certainly not. If anyone can attain the supreme bliss of the Self, will he thirst for the sensual pleasures No, not at all. The sumtotal of all the pleasures of the world will seem worthless for the sage of steady wisdom who is satisfied in the Self. (Cf. III.17VI.7?8).

Where This Happens

This teaching occurs on the battlefield of Kurukshetra during a moment of deep crisis where Arjuna has dropped his bow, overwhelmed by grief and attachment for his kinsmen. Lord Krishna is speaking directly to Arjuna (referred to as Partha) after having outlined the nature of the eternal soul in previous verses. The conversation has just shifted from theoretical knowledge about the self to practical guidance on how a wise person behaves when they have realized that truth.

Living It Out Today

Consider an employee who receives a harsh performance review and feels their entire worth is tied to it, leading to panic and sleepless nights. A 'steady wisdom' approach would be recognizing one's intrinsic value independent of the boss's opinion, feeling satisfied in one's own integrity while calmly analyzing how to improve professionally without emotional turmoil.

Explained for Children

Imagine you really want a new toy, and your heart feels empty until you get it. But when you finally find out that playing with friends or reading a book makes you happy without needing anything else, you feel calm and complete inside. That is what this verse means: being so full of joy from within yourself that you don't need to chase after things all the time.

Daily Reflection

Today, I invite you to notice how often your peace depends on getting what you want from the world around you. True stability isn't found in satisfying every craving but in discovering a deep contentment that lives within you regardless of external circumstances. When you find satisfaction in your own true nature rather than fleeting objects or outcomes, you begin to embody the steady wisdom this verse describes.

A Practice for Today

Close your eyes and notice when a desire arises; simply observe it without acting on it or suppressing it, letting the mind settle into its natural state of quietude. As you rest in this stillness, ask yourself if there is any part of you that feels incomplete outside of this present awareness.

Key Teachings

  1. The Total Renunciation of Desire
    Steady wisdom begins not with suppressing thoughts but with completely casting off all desires that arise from the mind. This is an active letting go where one no longer seeks fulfillment through external objects or sensory gratification.
  2. Self-Satisfaction in the Self
    The practitioner finds complete contentment by turning inward, satisfied solely by their own essential nature rather than outside validation. This shift marks a transition from seeking happiness 'out there' to realizing it is already present within.
  3. The State of Steady Wisdom
    When desires are abandoned and the self finds joy in itself, one attains the state known as Sthitaprajna. This describes a person whose mind remains unshaken by dualities like pleasure or pain because their anchor is internal.

Themes

Self-realizationDetachment from desiresSteady wisdomInner contentmentMental disciplineTranscendence of mind

Related Verses

2.473.306.518.66

Read This Next

  1. 2.54 — Read this verse immediately after to understand the specific question Arjuna asks about how a person with steady wisdom speaks.
  2. 3.6 — This chapter follows up by distinguishing between those who physically renounce action but keep their minds on sense objects versus true practitioners.
  3. 12.15 — To see the practical application of this inner stability, read how a devotee with steady wisdom behaves towards all beings without causing distress.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is 'steady wisdom' (Sthitaprajña)?
Steady wisdom refers to a state of mind where one remains unshaken by external circumstances, neither overwhelmed by success nor crushed by failure. It describes someone who has transcended the fluctuations of desire and fear because their happiness is no longer dependent on outside sources.
How can I tell if my desires are 'of the mind'?
Desires that arise from the mind are typically fleeting, based on what we think will bring us pleasure or security but leave a void once satisfied. They often stem from conditioning and imagination rather than our true needs, leading to a cycle of craving and temporary relief.
Does this verse mean I should have no goals in life?
Not at all; it means you can pursue your duties without being driven by an obsessive need for specific results or outcomes. You act with full engagement but remain internally satisfied regardless of whether the external result matches your expectations.
Why does Krishna call Arjuna 'Partha' in this verse?
Krishna uses the name Partha (son of Pritha/Kunti) to affectionately remind Arjuna of his lineage and identity while addressing him with deep intimacy. It serves as a gentle anchor for the warrior-prince, connecting the profound spiritual instruction back to their personal relationship.
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