Bhagavad Gita 12.20

Bhakti Yoga · English Translation

Bhagavad Gita 12.20 — "They verily who follow this immortal Dharma (law or doctrine) as described above, endowed with faith"
Bhagavad Gita 12.20 — Bhakti Yoga
Sanskrit

ये तु धर्म्यामृतमिदं यथोक्तं पर्युपासते | श्रद्दधाना मत्परमा भक्तास्तेऽतीव मे प्रियाः ||१२-२०||

Transliteration

ye tu dharmyāmṛtamidaṃ yathoktaṃ paryupāsate . śraddadhānā matparamā bhaktāste.atīva me priyāḥ ||12-20||

What Does This Verse Mean?

In this concluding verse of Chapter 12, Lord Krishna speaks to Arjuna about the highest form of spiritual practice. He declares that those who faithfully follow the path of devotion described in previous verses—keeping Him as their ultimate goal—are most dear to God. The core teaching is that sincere faith and consistent adherence to righteous principles create a profound bond between the devotee and the Divine.

The Teaching Behind It

This verse solidifies the teachings of Bhakti Yoga (the path of devotion) as presented throughout Chapter 12. It emphasizes that while intellectual knowledge is valuable, the combination of faith ('shraddha') and surrendering to the Divine will leads to the closest union with God.

Word by Word
ये who, तु indeed, धर्म्यामृतम् immortal Dharma (Law), इदम् this, यथोक्तम् as declared (above), पर्युपासते follow, श्रद्दधानाः endowed with faith, मत्परमाः regarding Me as their Supreme, भक्ताः devotees, ते they, अतीव exceedingly, मे to Me, प्रियाः dear
Classical Commentary
The Blessed Lord has in this verse given a description of His excellent devotee. Amrita Dharma Amrita is the lifegiving nectar. Dharma is righteousness or wisdom. Dharma is that which leads to immortality when practised. The real devotees regard Me as their final or supreme refuge. Above Beginning with verse 13.A great truth that should not go unnoticed is that the devotee, the man of wisdom and the Yogi have all the same fundamental characteristics. Priyo hi Jnaninotyartham (I am exceedingly dear to the wise man) (VII.12) has thus been explained at length and concluded here thus? Te ativa me priyah (they are exceedinlgy dear to Me).He who follows this immortal Dharma as described above becomes exceedingly dear to the Lord. Therefore, every aspirant who thirsts for salvation, and who longs to attain the Supreme Abode of the Lord should follow this immortal Dharma with zeal and intense faith. Thus in the Upanishads of the glorious Bhagavad Gita, the science of the Eternal, the scripture of Yoga, the dialogue between Sri Krishna and Arjuna, ends the twelfth discourse entitledThe Yoga of Devotion.

Where This Happens

This verse appears at the conclusion of Chapter 12 on Bhakti Yoga within the epic Mahabharata, set just before the great battle begins. Lord Krishna has been answering Arjuna's question about which type of devotee is more perfect: those who worship His personal form or those who meditate on the Formless Absolute. After clarifying that both paths lead to Him but the path of devotion with a personal focus is easier for embodied beings, He concludes by affirming the special status of these sincere followers.

Living It Out Today

When facing a high-stakes career decision where you must choose between an easy profit and doing what feels ethically right, apply this verse by trusting your conscience as 'Dharma'. Instead of fearing failure or seeking external validation, follow that inner law with faith in the larger order of things. This approach transforms anxiety into purposeful action, making you feel deeply connected to a supportive force regardless of the outcome.

Explained for Children

Imagine you have a special rule for being good, like always telling the truth or helping others without expecting anything back. If you follow these rules because you love your teacher and trust them completely, they will be very proud of you and consider you their favorite student. Lord Krishna is saying that anyone who follows this 'holy way' with total trust in Him becomes his most beloved friend.

Daily Reflection

Today, notice how often you seek validation from others before feeling worthy, and contrast that with Krishna's promise that He holds His devotees as 'exceedingly dear' simply because they trust Him. You do not need to be perfect in your practice or flawless in your understanding; the divine heart beats closer for those who approach with faith and a surrendered focus on the Supreme. Let this truth soften your internal critic, reminding you that your journey is defined by devotion rather than perfection.

A Practice for Today

Close your eyes and gently recall a moment when you felt fully supported by something greater than yourself, letting that feeling of trust expand to fill the room. Visualize this verse not as a rule to follow, but as an invitation to rest in the certainty that those who hold faith with sincerity are already held dear. Breathe into this sense of being beloved, allowing your worries about perfection or performance to dissolve into simple, trusting presence.

Key Teachings

  1. The Nature of Immortal Dharma
    Krishna identifies His path not as a rigid set of rules but as 'amrita,' or nectar, which grants life and vitality to the seeker. This immortal law is dynamic and sustaining, designed to transform the mortal mind into something eternal through consistent practice.
  2. Faith as the Gateway
    The verse emphasizes 'shraddhān', or faith, as the essential prerequisite for truly engaging with this spiritual path. It is not blind belief but a deep, intuitive conviction that anchors the seeker and allows them to navigate life's uncertainties.
  3. Surrender of Supreme Goal
    To become 'priya' or dear to Krishna, one must adopt an attitude where He is seen as the ultimate destination above all else. This total prioritization transforms every action into an act of devotion, aligning the individual will with the divine purpose.

Themes

DevotionFaithDivine LoveRighteousness (Dharma)Spiritual PracticeSurrender

Related Verses

2.473.306.518.669.22

Read This Next

  1. 2.47 — Read this next to understand how Krishna defines action without attachment as a precursor to true devotion.
  2. 3.30 — This verse expands on the concept of surrendering all actions and fruits, deepening your understanding of 'Mat-parama' (regarding Me as supreme).
  3. 12.15 — Reading this immediately after 12.20 will show you how a devotee who is dear to Krishna behaves towards the world, creating a complete picture of Bhakti.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What does 'matparama' mean in this verse?
'Matparama' translates to regarding Krishna as one's supreme goal or highest priority. It implies that a devotee places God above all other worldly desires, relationships, and personal ambitions.
Is following dharma only for religious people according to this verse?
No, 'dharma' here refers to universal moral laws or righteous duties applicable to anyone seeking spiritual growth. The verse suggests that living a life of integrity and faith makes one dear to the Divine, regardless of specific ritualistic labels.
Why does Krishna say these devotees are 'exceedingly dear' to Him?
Krishna values them highly because their love is selfless; they do not worship for material gain but solely out of faith and devotion. This pure, unwavering trust aligns the devotee's will with the Divine will, creating a natural bond of affection.
How does this verse connect to the concept of surrender?
The verse connects directly to surrender by stating that those who follow the path 'as described' (yathoktam) with faith are dear. This implies a complete acceptance of God's instructions and a letting go of ego, which is the essence of total surrender.
In Other Languages: Bhagavad Gita 12.20 →